On the European Origins

Geneticists track mothernal lineage through mitochondrial DNA because mitochondria are coming from the mother, only. Similarly, paternal lineage is tracked via Y-chromosomes that are transferred on the paternal sperm, only. Genes variants on Y chromosomes are specifically determining where the men are coming from. A gene variant, R1b haplotype is described by the presence of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation named M343. Haplogroup R1b is the most frequently occurring Y-chromosome haplogroup in Western European men.

More specifically, R1b's frequency is highest in the populations of Atlantic Europe and, due to European emigration, in North America, South America, and Australia. In Ireland and the Basque Country its frequency exceeds 90% and approaches 100% in Western Ireland.

A subgroup of R1b, haplogroup R1b1b2 (R-M269) suggest that it is originated in Turkey. It means that from the founding of the lineage via its unique mutations there was diversification over time as the haplotype spread from Turkey to Western Europe.

Taken with evidence on the origins of other haplogroups, this indicates that most European-Y chromosomes originate in the Neolithic expansion from around Anatolia.

This reinterpretation makes Europe a prime example of how technological and cultural change is linked with the expansion of a Y-chromosomal lineage.

However, these findings should be supported, in other words "complemented" by mitochondrial, mothernal DNA findings.

Men are not enough to create civilization as the women alone can not do it either.

More will come in genealogy studies.

Web technology will help us to combine Y-chromosome data with mitochondrial DNA data to further understand mother nature on father-lands.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H...
http://wapedia.mobi/en/M343
http://scienceblogs.com/gnxp/2...