Definition of Genetic Engineering
DNA is the blue print of the genetic information. Imagine, your genes are special text recipes for proteins. The taste of a dish is based on content of a recipe. Experienced gourmets can even judge a dish based on the recipe alone. As an analogy, it can be determined whether a protein is cancerous or not just based on the genetic blue print information on your DNA alone. DNA based diagnostics is much more reliable than the protein based diagnostics.
Avandia is an oral medication used to treat Type II diabetes. It is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline and was approved by the FDA. So far the diabetes drug has been used by over 6 million people worldwide, and could be responsible for thousands of heart attacks and deaths every year.
Tumor suppressor genes by definition are genes that are coding for proteins acting as a break on cancer. This group of genes function as a break mechanism when cells accelerate towards cancer. In basic terminology, the role of tumor suppressors is to stop cancer cells. P53 is a tumor suppressor protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene. p53 is important in multicellular organisms, where it regulates the cell cycle and thus directly functions as a tumor suppressor by stopping cell cycle or by killing the cancer cells by apotheosis.
Functional SNP assessment.
Although the relationship between risk allele and causation is still in its infancy23, some phenotypic traits can possibly be inferred from the genome data (all functional SNPs discussed below are listed in Supplementary Table 14). We only included genotypes with a posterior probability above 99%.
In December 2009 the US Senate passed a $636 billion annual budget for defense 88-10 and immediately went back to arguing about spending less than $100 billion a year to see that all Americans get the health care they need.
My grand mother used to say "do not compare apples with oranges" but the spending on apples and the spending on oranges are good indications of their relative worth.
I am wondering about the number of people employed by the military industry and the number of people employed by the health care industry.
Anybody knows that ?
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)is a 34 kD glycoprotein manufactured almost exclusively by the prostate gland. PSA is a ejaculate component and it liquifies the semen in the seminal coagulum and allows sperm to swim freely. It is also believed to be instrumental in dissolving the cervical mucous cap, allowing the entry of sperm.
In women, PSA is found in female ejaculate at concentrations roughly equal to that found in male semen. It is highly probable that PSA in women will help the sperm to dissolve the cervical cap and to enter the egg.
What two terms best define information ? First of all information is a dynamic entity. It may gain or loose its importance in time. Information is time sensitive. Secondly, it is universal it does not belong to certain groups or individuals only. Especially, in the mass-social media era the producers and the consumers of information are instantly connected.
Secrets can not be defined as information as they are neither dynamic nor universal.
In a free market system everything is determined by supply and demand. Today, the cheapest, most affordable service is the information service. You can store all your personal information belonging to the last 2 decades, a piece of information of 200Gbytes for less than the price of a cup of coffee. If you want to store all of your genetic information you need 20Mbytes, 1/100 of a 2Gbytes flash disk.
Being a Principal Investigator (PI) and leading a scientific research team is an art. A true art of science. One needs to have a strong scientific background that is only obtained through years of extensive training and a clear mind. On top, one should have extraordinary people skills to lead the collaboration of various teams.
Genetic engineering is used to be defined as simple addition and subtraction of single genes. Now, it is a function of multiple genes. Today, multiple genes are manipulated with the most advanced technology towards the needs of the industry in GMO market.
"People don't understand that we're not working with Gregor Mendel anymore" says Bonnie McClafferty, development head at HarvestPlus in a NY-Times article. "The science is advancing, and there's a whole variety of tools to use".
